Pin-tumbler lock.



E. J. SHIPMAN.

PIN TUMBLER LOOK.

APPLICATION I'ILED 3.25. 1913.

Patented Apr. 14, 191i *4 E 6 5'] \I a [N VEN T OR. fla f A TTORIVEY COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0,, WASHING'ON, D. C.

WITNESES: a.. 6%m 7w? EVAN J". SI-IIPMAN, OF NEW HAVEN,

CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR T0 SARGENT &

COMPANY, OF HAVEN, GQNNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

PIN-TUMBLEB LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 25, 1913.

Patented Apr. id, 1914. Serial no. 763,641.

To all whom it may concern 7 Be it known that I, EVAN J. SHHMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing in New Haven, county of New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pin-Tumbler Locks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to pin tumbler locks of the usual rotary. type and is par tlcularly applicable to padlocks in which such locks are embodied.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a pin tumbler lock having improved means for preventing the withdrawal of the key except when the padlock or other device is locked.

In the case of a padlock it is impossible, after opening the same, to withdraw the key from the keyway while the shackle or hasp is in the open position. As a result, when padlocks embodying my improvements are used on fire alarm boxes, and in fact, for practically all the customary purposes, there will be considerably less likelihood of the padlock being left unlocked by inadvertence. The presence of the key in the keyhole will usually sufiice to direct attention to the open condition of the padlock. Moreover, when the same key is used to unlock a series of padlocks or other locks and it is inadvertently left in one of these locks, the owner will be made aware of that fact when he endeavors to unlock another look of the series.

Another object of the invention is to furnish a simple, efficient key retaining device for a pin tumbler padlock of the sliding shackle type.

To these and other ends the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing, Figurel is an elevation of a pin tumbler padlock embodying my improvements, with the shackle closed, Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of the sameshowing the key in position to release the shackle, Fig. 3 is an elevation partlyin section showing the shackle in its released or open position, Figs. 4 and 5 are sections on lines H and 5-5 of Figs. 2 and 3 respectively, and Figs. 6 and 7 are sections on lines 6-6 and 7-7 of Figs. 2 and 3 respectively.

The padlock selected for illustration is of the general type set forth in Patent No. 729,792, granted to Sargent &. Company on June 2, 1903, as assignee of Albert A. Page, and 1t is provided with a sliding shackle 2Q fitting in one end of the case 21, and a pm tumbler lock comprising a casing 22 and key plug or barrel 23 fitted in the opposite end of said case. I wish to have it understood, however, that certain features of the invention are not restricted to use in padlocks, and when the invention is embodied in a padlock the latter need not be of the specific type illustrated.

In the embodiment shown, the sliding shackle 20 is provided in its parallel arms or branches with opposing notches 24 adapted to be engaged by the respective ends of a swinging locking dog or bolt 25 swiveled in the upper part of the case on a pin 26. The pivot pin 26 is located intermediate of the ends of the dog 25, and the latter carries at one side of the pivot a depending pin 27. The pin 27 is rigidly secured at its upper end to the dog 25 or it may be integral therewith, and the lower end of said pin extends into a notch 28 formed in the edge of a washer 29 applied by a screw 30 or the like to the rear or inner end of the plug or barrel 23. The washer 29 is larger than the diameter of the key plug or barrel so as to overlie the casing 22 of the pin tumbler lock and it thereby performs the usual function of preventing lengthwise displacement of the key plug relatively to said casing. The notch 28 in the washer 29 extends around the pin 27 to such an extent as to prevent relative angular movement of the washer and the dog 25, there being a shoulder 28 on the washer at one side of the pin 27 and a shoulder 28 at the opposite side of the pin, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. A spring 31 embracin the pivot pin 26 bears at one end against tie pin 27 and at the opposite end against the wall of the casing, and the tendency of this spring is to normally hold the dog 25 in that position wherein its ends are engaged in the respective notches 24 of the shackle arms.

The operation of the device is substantially as follows: hen the padlock is closed, the pin tumblers hold the key plug or barrel 23 rigidly in the position in which the rotary member or washer 29 holds the dog 25 in the locking position just described.

When the key 32 is inserted into the key plug the pin tumblers are released in the well known manner, and the washer 29 and its connected dog 25 may be swung in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 4. Rotation of the key plug in the opposite direction will be prevented by means of a shoulder 83 011 the dog 25 adapted to abut against the inner face of the casing wall, as shown in Fig. 4:. As the dog 25 is swung from the position shown in Fig. at to that of Fig. 5, the shackle will be released in an obvious manner and projected outwardly by means of its spring 20, as usual in padlocks of the type illustrated. The shorter arm of the shackle will clear the case but the longer arm is retained in the case in the position shown in Fig. 3. In this po.- sition a solid uncut portion 34: located ad .jacent the notch 24 of the longer shackle arm will obstruct the return of the dog 25 to its initial position, as shown in Fig. 5. Hence as the washer is locked to the dog 25, it is likewise impossible to return said washer to the initial position. der 28 abutting one side of the pin 27 will effectively prevent the return of the washer 29 to its initial position and hence it will be impossible to return the key plug to the position in which the key may be withdrawn. It will therefore be understood, that whenever the padlock is unlocked, the position assumed by the shackle 20 will cause the dog 25 to be blocked against a return movement, and the dog 25 in turn will prevent return of the key plug to a position in which the key may be with drawn. The only possible way of withdrawing the key is by again locking the padlock, it being necessary for the dog 25 to engage the notches 24: of the shackle before the key can be withdrawn. As the shackle is pushed into its openings in the case and returned to the closed position, the spring 31 will move the dog 25 to its locking posi tion in the notches 24 as soon as the notch in the longer shackle arm clears the corresponding end of the dog, as will be manifest. In carrying the dog 25 back to the locking position, the spring 31 likewise returns the key plug to its initial position, so that the key may be immediately withdrawn.

By the construction described, it is impossible to leave the padlock or other lock in an unlocked condition without leaving the key in the keyhole, and this is an especially advantageous feature where the same key is used in connection with a series of locks, for when one of the locks is to be opened the absence of the key from its accustomed place will generally indicate that one of the locks has been left unlocked.

What I claim is:

1. The combination with a member to be locked and released, of a locking device The shoultherefor having a releasing position in which it is blocked from returning to its locking position, and a pintumbler lock having a barrel non-rotatably connected with said locking device; substantially as described.

'2. The combination with a sliding member to be locked and released, of a locking device therefor having a definite locking position and blocked from returning to such position by the unlocking of said member, a pin tumbler lock comprising a barrel, and connecting means between said barrel and said locking device'whereby the latter partakes of the movements of the former in both directions; substantially as described. 7

3. The combination with a member to be locked and released, of a pivoted locking device therefor having'a lockingposition to which it is blocked from returning when said member is unlocked, and a pin tumbler lock having a barrel non-rotatably connected with said locking device; substantially as described.

4-. The combination with a sliding member to be locked and released, of a pivoted locking device therefor having a definite angular position to which it is blocked from returning by the unlocking of said member, and a pm tumbler lock having a movable element non-rotatably connected with said locking device; substantially as'described.

5. The combination with a pin tumblerv lock having a rotary barrel, of means, including a sliding manually operable member, to prevent the return of said barrel to its initial position when it has been released and moved angularly by the key; substantially as described. y

6. The combination of a pin tumbler lock comprising a rotary barrel, adogconnected wit-h said barrel to rotate therewith, and a member having one position in which it is locked by said dog and another position in which it prevents the return of said barrel to its inltial position when it has been released bythe key and swung angularly; substantially as described.

7. The combination of a pin tumbler lock having a rotary barrel, a dog connected with said barrel to rotate therewith, and a member having a notch to receive saiddog and thereby lock said member in position, said member having a released position in which it blocks the dog and thereby prevents the return of the barrel to its initial position;

substantially as described. 7

8. In a padlock, the combinationof a casing, a movable shackle carried thereby, and

a pin tumbler lock in said casing comprlsing a barrel which when released and turned angularly by the key, is blocked by the shackle from returning to its initial position; substantially as described. I V

9. In a padlock, the combination of 2. casing, a shackle carried thereby, a pin tumbler lock in the casing comprising a rotary barrel, and a dog connected with said barrel and abutting said shackle When the latter is open to prevent the return of the barrel to its initial position; substantially as described.

10. In a padlock, the combination of a casing, a shackle carried thereby and having a notch, a. pin tumbler lock in said casing having a rotary barrel, and a dog connected with said barrel and adapted to engage the notch in said shackle to lock the latter in closed position, said shackle having a released or open position in Which it blocks the return of said dog and of said barrel; substantially as described.

11. In a padlock, the combination of a casing, a sliding shackle carried thereby, a pin tumbler lock in the casing comprising a rotary barrel, and means interposed between the barrel and the shackle to lock and release the latter, said means including a part arranged to abut the shackle, when the latter is open, to prevent the Withdrawal of the key; substantially as described.

12. In a padlock, the combination of a casing, a shackle slidable in said casing, and pin tumbler lock mechanism in said casing for locking and releasing said shackle, including means to prevent the removal of the key when the shackle is in its open position; substantially as described.

13. In a padlock, the combination of a casing, a shackle slidable therein, means to lock and release said shackle, a key to operate said means, and means cooperating with the shackle to prevent the removal of the key from the padlock, when the shackle is in its open position; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 21st day of April 1913.

EVAN J. SHIPMAN.

Witnesses FRANCES HOWARD, RENA Woon.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. O. 

